What was the purpose of the Balloon Corps during the American Civil War?

The purpose of the Balloon Corps during the American Civil War primarily centered around providing aerial observation and reconnaissance for the Union Army. This innovative use of hot air balloons allowed military personnel to gain a strategic advantage by observing enemy movements, artillery positions, and troop deployments from an elevated perspective. The insights gathered from these aerial views were invaluable, especially in a conflict where the element of surprise and information were critical to success on the battlefield. The Balloon Corps thus played a significant role in enhancing communication and coordination by relaying important intelligence back to commanders.

While the Balloon Corps did transport equipment necessary for ballooning, its main function was not centered on troop transport or supply delivery, making other propositions about its purpose less accurate. Additionally, conducting air-to-ground attacks was not feasible with the technology of the time, as balloons could not carry sufficient armaments. The training of pilots did not occur within the context of the Balloon Corps either, as it focused on observation rather than on developing aviation as seen in later military aviation advancements.