Which measures fall under the category of computer security controls?

The choice that identifies measures falling under the category of computer security controls is focused on safeguarding information confidentiality. Ensuring information confidentiality involves implementing various security practices, policies, and technologies that protect sensitive data from unauthorized access and disclosure. This is a fundamental principle of information security, as maintaining the confidentiality of data is essential to protecting individual privacy and organizational integrity.

Information confidentiality measures may include encryption, access control mechanisms, authentication methods, and data masking. These controls are critical in environments where sensitive or classified information is processed, as they help to mitigate the risk of data breaches and maintain trust among stakeholders.

In contrast, cost-cutting measures do not directly relate to security, while backup solutions, while important for data recovery, do not solely address confidentiality. Physical security measures, although relevant to overall security strategies, are more focused on protecting physical assets rather than specifically ensuring information confidentiality. Hence, the correct answer emphasizes a key aspect of computer security controls that is vital for data protection.